Biology 225

Microbial Diseases

 

Microbial Diseases of the Skin & Eyes

 

Folliculitis

cause: Staphylococcus aureus

 

Impetigo

cause: Staphylococcus aureus (usually; also Streptococcus pyogenes)

 

Scalded skin syndrome

cause: Staphylococcus aureus

 

Toxic shock syndrome

cause: Staphylococcus aureus

 

Otitis externa (swimmer¹s ear)

cause: Pseudomonas aeruginosa

 

Acne

cause: Propionibacterium acnes

 

Warts

cause: papillomaviruses (HPV)

 

Smallpox

cause: poxvirus (smallpox (variola) virus)

 

Chickenpox

cause: herpesvirus varicella-zoster (human herpesvirus-3)

 

Shingles

cause: herpes zoster virus

 

Measles (Rubeola)

cause: paramyxovirus (measles virus)

 

Rubella

cause: togavirus (rubella virus)

 

Neonatal Gonorrheal ophthalmia

cause: Neisseria gonorrheae

 

Inclusion conjunctivitis

cause: Chlamydia trachomatis

 

Trachoma

cause: Chlamydia trachomatis

 

 

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

 

Bacterial Meningitis:

-       Haemophilus influenzae meningitis

-       cause: H. influenzae

 

-       Neisseria meningitis (meningococcal meningitis

-       cause: N. meningitidis

 

-       Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis (pneumococcal meningitis)

-       cause: S. pneumoniae

 

-       Listeriosis:

-       cause: Listeria monocytogenes

 

Tetanus

cause: Clostridium tetani

 

Botulism

cause: Clostridium botulinum

 

Leprosy

cause: Mycobacterium leprae

 

Poliomyelitis

cause: poliovirus

 

Rabies

cause: rabies virus

 

Arboviral encephalitis

cause: mosquito-borne viruses (arbovirus or arthropod-borne virus)

 

African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)

cause: Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense transmitted through bite of tsetse fly

 

Naegleria Meningoencephalitis

cause: the amoeba Naegleria fowleri

 

 

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular & Lymphatic Systems

 

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

cause: a-hemolytic streptococci

 

Acute bacterial endocarditis

cause: Staphylococcus aureus

 

Rheumatic Fever

cause: Streptococcus pyogenes

 

Brucellosis

cause: Brucella species

 

Anthrax

cause: Bacillus anthracis

 

Gangrene

cause: Clostridium species

 

Cat-scratch disease

cause: Bartonella henselae

 

Plague

cause: Yersinia pestis, transmitted by rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis

 

Infectious Mononucleosis

cause: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV or EB virus)

 

Lyme Disease (Lyme Borreliosis)

cause: Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted by tick, Ixodes

 

Toxoplasmosis

cause: Toxoplasma gondii

 

Malaria

cause: one of four species of Plasmodium, transmitted by Anopheles mosquito

 

 

 

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

 

Streptococcal Pharyngitis (Strep Throat)

cause: Group A Beta hemolytic (Streptococcus pyogenes)

 

Scarlet Fever

cause: also Streptococcus pyogenes that produce an erythogenic toxin

 

Diphtheria

cause: an exotoxin produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae

 

Otitis Media (middle ear infection/earache)

cause: most commonly Streptococcus pneumoniae (also H. influenzae, S. pyogenes, S. aureus)

 

Comon cold

cause: usually rhinoviruses; also coronaviruses & others

 

Pertussis (whooping cough)

cause: Bordetella pertussis

 

Tuberculosis

cause: Mycobacterium tuberculosis

 

Pneumococcal pneumonia

cause: Streptococcus pneumoniae

 

Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia

cause: Haemophilus influenzae

 

Mycoplasmal pneumonia

cause: Mycoplasma pneumoniae

 

Legionellosis

cause: Legionella pneumophila

 

Influenza

cause: Influenzavirus

 

Coccidioidomycosis

cause: ingesting airborne arthrospores of Coccidioides immitis

 

 

 

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

 

Dental caries (tooth decay)

cause: usually Streptococcus mutans

 

Staphylococcal Food Poisoning

cause: Staphylococcus aureus

 

Salmonellosis

cause: Salmonella bacteria

 

Typhoid Fever

cause: Salmonella typhi

 

Cholera

cause: Vibrio cholerae

 

Mumps

cause: mumps virus

 

Giardiasis

cause: Giardia lamblia

 

Tapeworm Infestation

cause: tapeworms (Taenia species)

 

Trichinosis

cause: Trichinella spiralis

 

 

Microbial Diseases of the Reproductive System

 

Gonorrhea

cause: Neisseria gonorrhea

 

Syphilis

cause: Treponema pallidum

 

Genital Herpes

cause: herpesvirus

 

Trichomoniasis

cause: Trichomonas vaginalis