Biological Science II

Course Objectives

 

Chapter 28 - Classification of Living Things

 

1.      Name the 5 kingdoms of life and give examples for each Kingdom.

2.      Discuss the two major contributions of Carolus Linnaeus.

3.      Why is Taxonomy terminology based on Latin?

4.      Know the seven major taxons and which is most inclusive and which is least inclusive.

5.      Be able to contrast homologous structures with analogous structures.

 

Chapter 29 - Viruses/Bacteria

 

1.      What are viruses?

2.      Are viruses alive?

3.      Discuss the viral structures.

4.      Understand the lysogenic and lytic life cycles of viruses.

5.      Know how the AIDS virus works.

6.      Know the major characteristics of bacteria.

7.      Know the following: conjugation, transformation, transduction and binary fission.

8.      Discuss the types of nutrition found in bacteria.

9.      Compare and contrast the following: Archaebacteria, Eubacteria and Cyanobacteria.

 

Chapter 30 - Protista (Protoctista)

 

1.      What is the Endosymbiotic Theory.

2.      Know the major characteristics and what belongs to the following: animal-like protista, plant-like

         protista, and fungus-like protista.

 

Chapter 31 - Fungus

 

1.      List and discuss the characteristic of Fungi.

2.      Know the characteristics and examples of members for the following divisions: Ascomycota,

         Basidiomycota, Deuteromycota.

3.      What are lichens?

4.      Discuss the morphology of lichens.

5.      What are mycorrhizae and why are they important?

 

Chapter 32 - The Plants

 

1,      List the major plant characteristics.

2.      What are Bryophytes? Pteridophyta?

3.      What is a sporophyte and gametophyte? Know the life cycle for moss and ferns.

4.      Discuss the characteristics of vascular plants.

5.      What are Gymnosperm? What are the four divisions of the Gymnosperms?

6.      Know the life cycle of Pine.

7.      Discuss Angiosperms and what adaptations they have made for the terrestrial existence.

 

Chapter 36 - Plant Structure and Function

 

1.      Know the structure of plants.

2.      Compare and contrast Dicots with Monocots.

3.      Discuss the following plant tissues: Epidermal, Ground, Vascular.

 

Chapter 37 - Nutrition and Transport in Plants

 

1.      How does water move through a plant?

2.      What controls the opening and closing of the stomata?

3.      Discuss the structure and role of Xylem and Phloem in plants.

 

Chapter 38 - Growth/Development in Plants

 

1.      What are the three major types of tropism in plants?

2.      What are nastic movements sleep movements, and circadian rhythms?

3.      Discuss plant hormones.

 

Chapter 39 - Plant Reproduction

 

1.      Draw and label the parts of a flower.

2.      Discuss the life cycle of flowering plants.

3.      What is pollination, fertilization, and double fertilization?

4.      What a fruit? Know the kinds of fruits.

5.      Discuss seed disposal and germination.

6.      Discuss the ways plants can undergo asexual reproduction.

 

Chapter 33 - Animals-Invertebrates

 

1.      Know the characteristics of Animals.

2.      Discuss the following: Asymmetry, Radial Symmetry, Bilateral Symmetry, Acoelomates,

         Pseudocoelomates, Eucoelomates, Protostomates, Deuterostomates.

3.      Know the major characteristics and examples of members belong to the following Phyla:

         Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Rotifera.

 

Chapter 34 - Animals - Protostomates

 

1.      What is cleavage?

2.      Define schizocoelus and enterocoelus.

3.      Know the classes, major characteristics and examples for members belonging to the following

         Phyla: Mollusca, Annelida, Arthropoda.

 

Chapter 35 - Animals - Deuterostomates

 

1.      Know what role Echinoderms played in Vertebrate Evolution.

2.      Discuss the water vascular system of Echinoderms.

3.      Know the classes, major characteristics, and examples for members belonging to:

         Echinodermata, Chordata, urochordata, Cephalochordata.

4.      What are the major characteristics of Vertebrates?

5.      Know the classes of vertebrates and their major characteristics.

 

Chapter 40 - Animal Organization and Homeostasis

 

1.      Be able to list the levels of organization in Animals from increasing or decreasing complexity.

2.      What are the four animal tissue types and their characteristics?

3.      Name all the organ systems and give a brief description of their major functions.

4.      What is homeostasis?

 

Chapter 41 - Circulation

 

1.      Know the structure of 2, 3, and 4 chambered hears and how blood flows through each.

2.      Compare open and closed circulatory systems.

3.      What are arteries and veins?

4.      What is hemolymph?

5.      Discuss the characteristics of blood?

 

Chapter 42 - Lymph Transport and Uimmunity

 

1.      What are the major functions of the lymph system?

2.      What are the major components and their functions?

3.      Describe the role of the Lymphatic System in immunity?

 

Chapter 43 - Digestion and Nutrition

 

1.      Be able to compare and contrast gastrovascular cavity with a complete digestive system.

2.      Be able to list and give the functions of all the human digestive system organs beginning with the

         mouth and ending with the anus. Include the following accessory organs: liver, gallbladder,

         pancreas.

3.      Know the role vitamins and minerals play in the human body.

4.      Where does carbohydrate, lipid and protein digestion begin and end.

 

Chapter 44 - Respiration

 

1.      Know how different animals handle the problem of gas exchange.

2.      Be able to match different respiratory structures with the animals that possess them.

3.      Know the structures and functions of the human respiratory system.

4.      How does terrestrial gas exchange differ from aquatic gas exchange?

 

Chapter 45 - Osmoregulation and Excretion

 

1.      What are the different structure found in the animal kingdom that allow animals to osmoregulate?

2.      What are the major types of nitrogenous waste and give examples of organism for each.

3.      Know the major components and their functions for the human urinary system.

 

Chapter 46 - Neurons and Nervous System

 

1.      What is a neuron? Do all animals have neurons?

2.      Discuss the different types of nervous systems in animals.

3.      Compare and contrast the CNS, ANS, SNS, PSN in humans.

4.      List the major brain structures and their functions.

 

Chapter 47 - Special Sense Organs

 

1.      List the types of special senses, for each list their major components and functions.

2.      How do other animals “sense” their environment?

 

Chapter 48 - Support Systems and Locomotion

 

1.      What is an exoskeleton? An endoskeleton?

2.      Briefly explain how bones and muscles work?

 

Chapter 49 - Hormones and Endocrine Systems

 

1.      What is a hormone?

2.      What are the two major types of hormones>

3.      How the major hormone producing glands, where they are located in the human body, the

         hormones they reproduce, and their function.

 

Chapter 50 - Reproduction

 

1.      Compare asexual reproduction with sexual reproduction.

2.      Why do some animals retain their ability to reproduce both asexually and sexually?

3.      List and give functions for the male and female human reproductive system.

 

Chapter 51 - Development

 

1.      Discuss the following structures: zygote, blastula, archenteron, early and late gastrula.

2.      What are the 3 embryonic germ layers? What adult structures are derived from each layer?

3.      Discuss the major events in the development of a human.