Study Guide for Biology 101 Test
4 –
Understand the stages in meiosis
Understand the process of synapsis and crossing over
Know terms: gamete, homologous pair, tetrad, bivalent, chiasmata
Know how mitosis & meiosis differ
Review Fig. 10.1 10.2, 10.4, 10.5, 10.7, 10.8
Understand monohybrid & dihybrid crosses, Know Mendel's 2 Laws
Know terms: homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, recessive, allele phenotype, genotype; Know how to set up a Punnett Square
Understand monohybrid and dihybrid testcrosses
Review Fig. 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.8
Know examples of incomplete dominance, codominance, pleiotropy, epistasis, polygenic inheritance, dominance modification, parental imprinting, multiple alleles; Know: autosomes, sex chromosomes, sex-linked genes, linked genes; Understand polyploid, monsomy, trisomy, nondisjunction; Understand Morgans crosses with flies and eye color; Know the general trends of sex-linked traits
Review Fig. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.5, 12.6, 12.8, 12.10
Understand karyotypes, pedigree charts
Understand the general trends in the inheritance of autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant and X-linked recessive traits
Know how blood type is used in paternity suits
Review Fig. 13.1, 13.2, 13.5, 13.6, 13.9, 13.10, 13.11, 13.13
Know what a bacteriophage is, Know Chargaff's Rules, Watson and Crick, the DNA structure; Understand how DNA replicates; Know why its semi conservative; Review Fig. 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 14.7
Understand transcription, translation, codons, anticodons
Know the function of genes, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, ribosomes
Know what causes mutations;
Review Fig. 15.3, 15.4, 15.5, 15.8, 15.10! 15.11!
Essay Questions: 1. Compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis. You must explain at least 5 points and give me a detailed discussion.
2. Describe transcription and translation and explain all the steps in going from a gene on DNA to a protein in the cytoplasm. Be sure to explain how DNA, mRNA, codons, ribosomes, tRNA, anticodons and amino acids play a part.