Study Guide Biology 101

Test 4 (Fall 2002)

Ch. 10 - “Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction”

Understand the stages in meiosis

Understand the process of synapsis and crossing over

Know terms: gamete, homologous pair, tetrad, bivalent, chiasmata

Know how mitosis & meiosis differ

Review Fig. 10.1 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6—7, 10.8

Ch. 11 - “Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance”

Understand monohybrid & dihybrid crosses, Know Mendel’s 2 Laws

Know terms: homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, recessive, allele

phenotype, genotype; Know how to set up a Punnett Square

Understand monohybrid and dihybrid testcrosses

Review Fig. 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.8

Ch. 12 — “Chromosomes and Genes”

Know examples of incomplete dominance, codominance, pleiotropy, epistasis, polygenic inheritance, dominance modification, parental imprinting, multiple alleles; Know: autosomes, sex chromosomes, sex-linked genes, linked genes; Understand polyploid, monsomy, trisomy, nondisjunction; Understand Morgan's crosses with flies and eye color; Know the general trends of sex-linked traits Review Fig. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.5, 12.6, 12.8

Ch. 13— “Human Genetics”

Understand karyotypes, pedigree charts

Understand the general trends in the inheritance of autosomal

recessive, autosomal dominant and X-linked recessive traits

Know how blood type is used in paternity suits

Review Fig. 13.1, 13.2, 13.6, 13.7, 13.10, 13.11

Ch. 14 — “DNA: The Genetic Material”

Know what a bacteriophage is, Know Chargaff’s Rules, Watson and

Crick, the DNA structure; Understand how DNA replicates; Know why

its semiconservative; Rev. Fig. 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 14.6, 14.7

Ch. 15— “Gene Activity”

Understand transcription, translation, codons, anticodons

Know the function of genes, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, ribosomes

Know what causes mutations;

Review Fig. 15.3, 15.4, 15.5, 15.6, 15.8, 15.9, 15.10! 15.12!

Extra Credit Essay Questions:  REMEMBER TO WRITE IN ESSAY FORM

1. Compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis. You must explain at least 5 points and give me a detailed discussion.

2. Describe transcription and translation and explain all the steps in going from a gene on DNA to a protein in the cytoplasm. Be sure to explain how DNA, mRNA, codons, ribosomes, tRNA, anticodons and amino acids play a part.