Lecture Study Guide for Exam 4

 

Chapter 33 - Animal Organization and Homeostasis

 

1. Be able to list the levels of organization in Animals from increasing or decreasing complexity.

2. What are the four primary animal tissue types and their characteristics?

3. Know what squamous, cuboidal, columnar, simple, stratified and psuedostratified epithelium and where you find them.

4. Know what types of tissues are connective tissues.

5. Know the characteristics and differences between skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle.

6. Know what types of cells make-up nervous tissue and their function.

7. Name all the organ systems and give a brief description of their major functions.

8. What is homeostasis?

9.  Know what negative feedback is and give an example.

 

Chapter 34 - Circulation

 

1. Know what type of organisms have no circulatory system, open circulatory system, or closed circulatory system.

2. Know the structure of 2, 3, and 4 chambered hears and how blood flows through each.

2. Compare open and closed circulatory systems.

3. What are what arteries, capillaries, and veins?

4. Know the path of blood through the human heart.

5. Discuss the characteristics of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets?

6. Understand how capillary exchange takes place and what materials are exchanged.

7. Know what systolic and diastolic pressure are and how they are used to determine blood pressure.

9. Define myocardium, pericardium, endocardium

10. Know the cardiac conduction system, particularly the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node and atrioventricular (AV) node

11. Discuss hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke and heart attack.

 

Chapter 35 - Lymph Transport and Uimmunity

 

1. What are the major functions of the lymph system?

2. What are the major components and their functions?

3. Describe the role of the Lymphatic System in immunity?

4. Discuss nonspecific, specific defenses, antibody-mediated immunity, cell mediated immunity, active immunity, and passive immunity and give examples.

5. Know the clonal selection theory

6. What are the characteristics of B (basic, plasma, and memory) and T cells (cytotoxic, helper, and memory).

7. Know monoclonal antibodies and their use in research

8. Define antibody, antigen, vaccine, natural killer cells, interferon, immunoglobulins, complement, apoptosis

 

Chapter 36 - Digestion and Nutrition

 

1. Be able to compare and contrast gastrovascular cavity with a complete digestive system. Give examples of organisms that have each.

2. Be able to list and give the functions of all the human digestive system organs beginning with the mouth and ending with the anus. Include the following accessory organs: liver, gallbladder, pancreas.

3. Know the role vitamins and minerals play in the human body.

4. Where does carbohydrate, lipid and protein digestion begin and end.

5. Know which enzymes are secreted by the stomach and intestine and their function (also bile).

6. Know what continuous and non-continuous feeders are and give examples of each.

 

Chapter 37 - Respiration

 

1. Know how different animals handle the problem of gas exchange.

2. Be able to match different respiratory structures with the animals that possess them.

3. Know the structures and functions of the human respiratory system.

4. How does terrestrial gas exchange differ from aquatic gas exchange?

5. Know how oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries.