Study Guide (Fall 02)/Mader 7th ed.

Biology 101 - Test 1

Chapter 1 - “A View of Life”

Know the characteristics of living things;

Define: metabolism, homeostasis, genes, DNA, species, adaptation,

evolution, ecosystem, taxonomy;

Be familiar with the five kingdoms and the taxonomic categories;

Understand binomial nomenclature;

Know the difference between objective and subjective;

Understand the steps of the scientific method and what it is;

Define:- hypothesis, experimental variable, experimental group,

control group, theory, and principle;

Review Fig. 1.1,1.6, 1.8, 1.9

Chapter 2 — “Basic Chemistry”

Be able to define: matter, atom, atomic number, atomic mass, ion,

isotope, pH; Understand the Octet Rule;

Understand covalent, ionic and polar bonds and H bonds;

Understand reduction—oxidation reactions;

Understand the characteristics of water;

Review Fig. 2.2, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.10, Table 2.2 and 2.3!!

Chapter 3 - “The Chemistry of Life”

Define: organic compounds, hydrophobic, hydrophilic, isomer;

Know the characteristics of carbon and how it forms bonds;

Understand what functional groups are;

Understand dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis;

Know what carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids are

made of, what their functions are and know examples of each;

Understand the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats;

Know the structure and differences between DNA and RNA;

Know the components and function of ATP;

Review Fig. 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.9, 3.10, 3.12, 3.16, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, Table 3.3!

Essay question: 1. Describe water. A) What is water made up of and what kind of bond do you find within each molecule? B) What type of “bond” forms between water molecules and why? C) Why does ice float based on the bonds water has and how does this effect life on earth? D) Why is water reluctant to change temperature? E) Why can an insect walk across water?

2. Describe DNA. A) What are the two main functions of DNA? B) Where do you find DNA in the cell? C) What are the monomers or smaller units that make up DNA, and what is each monomer made up of? D) Describe the structure of DNA. Be specific. E) How do DNA and RNA differ?